Health Care Marketing Analysis Paper

Marketing for Health Care Lydia Wooten Health Care Marketing Analysis HCS/539 November 26, 2012 Debra Schrager Health Care Marketing Analysis Planned Parenthood has been established since 1916. That was created by women named Sanger, her sister, and friend that created a birth control clinic. They develop Planned Parenthood for the reasoning on fighting for women's health, rights, and equality. The company stood for each right of individual to have control of his or her fertility regardless of income status, marital status, race, age, nationality, or sexual orientation. Sanger incorporates the American Birth Control League, an ambitious new organization that embraces the global issues of world population growth, disarmament, and world famine† (Planned Parenthood, n. d. ). Planned Parenthood provides many services on reproductive health services and for reason they are the largest in the U. S. including cancer screening,  HIV  screening and counseling, contraception, and   abortion. Other health services may not offer family planning as Planned Parenthood does and they help serve a large proportion of women.Planned Parenthood helps care, test, and treat a large part of the population including teenagers, men and women. Several corporations and media are against the organization for reasons but Planned Parenthood believes they are the help, face and voice for the people who need counseling or aid. Throughout this paper I will describe how product, pricing, place, and promotion are important to the establishment of Planned Parenthood. Product Planned Parenthood is design for a health services to assist anyone whether young, male or female and assist them in many areas.Some of their services are checkups for reproductive or sexual health problems, infertility screening and referral, routine physical exams, vasectomy, and prostate cancer screenings along with many more services. Women who are seeking specialized health services have the opportunity to rec eived their services which include contraception’s which can be birth control or morning after pill, abortions, screening, testing such as HIV/AIDS or any other sexual transmitted disease, pregnancy testing, prenatal care, infertility, and general health care.Pricing Planned Parenthood offer affordable services to all that seek health care service. The price will vary based on the type of procedure that will be needed  such as abortion range from $350 to $485. One good option that Planned Parenthood offers is a service where it is little or no cost that depends on the family size or the income of the patient. â€Å"Planned Parenthood works to make health care accessible and affordable. Some health centers are able to charge according to income. Most accept health insurance.If you qualify, Medicaid or other state programs may lower your health care costs (Planned Parenthood, 2012). For instance, if a single parent makes less than $2,522 per month it is possible there health service can be low cost or even free because of the low income due to cost of living. For patients who qualify for free services include birth control, pap smears, emergency contraception, and sterilization. Another reason why Planned Parenthood Price is free or low cost than other health services because they rely on donations from other avenues.Planned Parenthood receives one-third of its budget, $300 million, from the Federal Government from US taxpayers (Parker, 2008). Place Planned Parenthood is national known and they have over 77 locations throughout the U. S. and just recently they are global. â€Å"There are 77different independent local affiliates that operate over 800 health centers around the United States† (Planned Parenthood, n. d. ). Each health facility offers different services due to regulations that some health clinics may offer and it could be illegal at other clinics such as abortions. Planned Parenthood offers Information for teens at the clinics.There is counseling for the teens which allows them to understand certain changes that occurs with their bodies as well as support and which gives them extra guidance if they were to get pregnant or decide to have an abortion. Each clinic also has a counselor who is available to help those patients overcome difficult times or understand why things are happening to them. The employees are trained to help with all type of health services and counseling methods to help the patients understand the organization but also to help the organization to understand the patients. Promotion Planned Parenthood is promoted by Action Fund engages in educational and electoral activity, including legislative advocacy, voter education, and grassroots organizing to promote the Planned Parenthood† (Planned Parenthood Fund Inc, 2012). Planned Parenthood is advertising with billboards all around the U. S for their services, Internet access for the new generation, and publishing commercials on television to help export their services to help create new patient clientele. Another major promotion Planned Parenthood is established is the Susan G Komen breast cancer foundation.There foundation has recently joined together with Planned Parenthood to promote the importance of breast examination and early cancer detection. Another promotion tool that was recently used was during the debates from both candidates on prochoice or choice for the status on Planned Parenthood. The marketing tool has promoted in rural areas where majority patients who are without health insurance or low income families normally live. Marketing and Partnerships Planned Parenthood has partnered with the girl scouts where they appeared on NBC Today Show and show their support for the Organization (Beckman, 2012).Just recently Planned Parenthood is joining with MTV and Kaiser to raise awareness on STDs to the youth. Interesting fact for the campaign that they encourage people of all ages to get themselves tested on STD s which was called get yourself tested (GYT) (Planned Parenthood, 2009). Planned Parenthood made a great move with Partnering with MTV so the advertising can direct their attention on young adults and teenagers which were marketable. MTV is an advertising tool that focuses on those who live in rural areas or people who are undecided on what is the best health care service to partake in.Target Market Prior till now, Planned Parenthood focused more on communication to the public by advertising and by helping the black communities in the United States. Most of the Planned Parenthood in America clinics was strategically put in place that is located in black neighborhoods and schools. Since the Federal Government is responsible for one-third of the funding for Planned Parenthood, advertisements that are in federal buildings are vital to the success of Planned Parenthood.The majority of the federal buildings are set up for programs that deal with citizens in poverty. This becomes another good reason for the use of Planned Parenthood advertising in such buildings. Planned Parenthood offers little to no cost medical care and services for those who may not have and need some type of health insurance. They also offer tools for parents to better help them communicate with their teens about sex, and other life-changing decisions. With these tools, parents can help build their own relationships with their teens.Understanding the target market will help any organization to find the right type of organizations to collaborate with as well as to discover different ways to promote and marketing campaigns directed to their target market. Conclusion Planned Parenthood has continued to offer different birth control options to many women in need for over 95 years. They also offer a wide variety of services for men and not just women as well. They provide preventative care, testing, and treatments of STDs for teens and adults.Planned Parenthood has recently been in the news due to t he loss and regain of funding and promotion of the Susan G Komen Foundation. Planned Parenthood has also been a part of the presidential campaign and debate to whether abortion should be allowed or not. Planned Parenthood strives to help people who are at or below the poverty level by offering their services at little to no cost. Planned Parenthood has also targeted the youth population with the recent GYT campaign where they teamed up with MTV to promote testing for STDs. Planned Parenthood has made a name for itself, whether it has received a good or bad name.Regardless, many people have used the services that Planned Parenthood has to offer. References Beckman, B. (2012). Girl Scouts partner with Planned Parenthood! Time for a boycott?. Retrieved from http://www. illinoisrighttolife. org/GirlsScouts_PlannedParenthood. htm Parker, S. (2008, June). Planned Parenthood and the ‘marketing of meaninglessness'. Retrieved from http://townhall. com/columnists/starparker/2008/06/30/p lanned_parenthood_and_the_marketing_of_meaninglessness/page/full/ Planned Parenthood. (2009, Spring). A Test You Want to Fail: 1 in 4 US Teen Girls has an STD.Retrieved from http://www. plannedparenthood. org/northeast-pennsylvania/files/Northeast-and-Mid-Penn/PP_newsletter_Spring_09. pdf Planned Parenthood. (n. d. ). Health Info ; Services. Retrieved from http://www. plannedparenthood. org/health-topics/ Planned Parenthood of Nassau County, Inc.. (2012). Fees ; Payment Options. Retrieved from http://www. plannedparenthood. org/nassau-county/fees-payment-options-5062. htm Planned Parenthood Action Fund Inc. (2012). We are Planned Parenthood. Retrieved from http://www. plannedparenthoodaction. org/about-us/about-us. htm

How does Paver make this extract (p.148-149) frightening? Essay

Paver uses many techniques to make this extract frightening. It is when Jack had just got lost but manages to find his way back to his cabin. He has already encountered a ghost and read about local folklore about the ghost and has another experience with the ghost. Paver uses techniques such as punctuation for effect, short sentences and mystery and she commonly shows lots of detail but rarely tells which means you cannot be sure till you read it. Paver uses many ways to create fright for the reader, for example punctuation for effect. Paver says, â€Å"a black tide drowning†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p.149). The ellipsis allows the reader the time to create an image and then to understand the terror. Also, a tide is normally blue or clear, similar to the sea, which seems normal and calm whereas this is black, dark and menacing, almost like Dark Matter. It reinforces that there is nothing normal about this place, for example, when Paver says, â€Å"Fog had darkened the blotchy stains to black†. When Paver says â€Å"drowning†, it gives the idea that there is some dark controlling ‘ghost’ that can drown a wave. It is particularly menacing because a black tide gives the reader the idea that it is powerful and almost has an agenda. The fact that the ghost can ‘drown’ this tide frightens the reader. The ellipsis creates fright because it is a pause in what Jack is saying so is there a problem, has Jack seen something and the ellipsis creates the time to think and imaging. The knowledge of the power of this ghost is especially frightening for the reader. Paver also uses many short sentences to create, build and maintain fright. For example Paver says, â€Å"I saw nothing.† (p.148). This shows that not all Jack’s senses are working as he refers to the idea that he could see it and hear it but then he could only hear it. This creates fright because it is confusing and you don’t often hear things but not be able to see them. This also creates fright because you think there is something there but you cannot be sure that there is until it is read. By saying, â€Å"nothing† it gives the idea that Jack is lonely but not alone which again makes you unsure whether the ghost is actually there which in turn creates fright. By being a short sentence it makes the reader feel like completing a sentence is almost a privilege and that it could be Jack’s last sentence he ever says. Paver also adds â€Å"Clink. Clink.† (p.148) this creates fright for the reader because there are other repetitions of the word ‘clink’ in the book, furthermore, by being just one word long, it is as if that is the only thing that Jack can hear going on around him. Paver carries on and finishes the phrase as, â€Å"Clink. Clink. Coming closer. It is all alliteration and if you imagine that in your head it is rhythmic and sounds frightening – as if that’s all Jack can think about. Short sentences create fright because they are concise and increase tension in a menacing scene. Paver finally creates fright by using a lot of mystery to increase uncertainty I the reader’s mind. Firstly, Paver says, â€Å"patter of paws† which is showing not telling and therefore makes the reader feel like they have the ability to assume Jack’s talking about dogs but because of all the uncertainty prior in the book the reader cannot be sure. It reinforces the idea that something could be there but was it a dog or a ghost which makes it particularly frightening for the reader. Paver also adds, â€Å"it took a moment to recognise myself†. This creates anxiety for the reader because there is no mirror around Jack that he has mentioned and what did Jack recognise in himself. Did Jack recognise something emotional rather than physical about himself? What did Jack do in the moments after he â€Å"recognise[d] himself†? This creates fright because you are completely unsure to the situation. In conclusion, Paver’s use of mystery is particularly frightening because even though you are the reader, you are almost fully unaware to the situation and frightened by the facts that you don’t know.

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Proposal - Essay Example In order to derive a genetic algorithm, potential solutions to a problem need to be developed by encoding; for instance by using binary bit strings. Another method used is the estimation of distribution algorithms for software optimisation, whereby a probability model is maintained for each generation of a problem situation. While there are studies applying each of these software optimization methods separately, the number of studies where both methods are compared in the same assessment are not as plentiful. This study seeks to carry out a comparison of both these software optimization methods in one particular study. Both these methods will be compared and an estimation of the efficacy of each method in terms of software optimization capacity will be made on the basis of the comparison. This study will rely primarily on two major research studies which are detailed below, which form a close parallel to the subject of this research study. The most relevant studies that would apply in the context of this research proposal are those showing different methods of software optimization. Through the use of parallel and distributing processing, multi thread techniques have been shown to provide better solutions than sequential options (Cruz and Pelta, 2009). Under the multi thread option, each solver thread represents a particular optimization algorithm and a coordinator collects performance information on the solvers and then sends them instructions on how behaviour is to be altered. On the algorithmic approach, metaheuristics can be successfully applied to complex and difficult combinations of optimization programs. In the study carried out by Cruz and Pelta (2009), the most basic ingredients of soft computing were used, i.e, through fuzzy sets and fuzzy rules, depending upon the location, i.e, by focusing upon the p-median, where the combinatorial optimization problem occurred. The

The Al-Shabaab Terrorist Group Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Al-Shabaab Terrorist Group - Research Paper Example Al-Shabaab is a militant group composed of Islamist youth with a foundation in Somalia. Al-Shabaab, also referred to as the Mujahideen Youth Movement, was formally recognized by Somalia government in 2012. It is believed that Al-Shabaab is a Somali-based cell of the militant Islamist affiliate of al-Qaeda that controls the larger part of southern Somalia, where is has imposed its own form of Sharia. The number of members in Al-Shabaab militia was estimated to fourteen thousand, four hundred and twenty-six in May 2011. The quarrel between Al-Shabaab and Al-Qaeda over the union leadership caused the spread of Al-Shabaab; Al-Shabaab quickly lost their ground due to widespread disintegration. Members of the Al-Shabaab describe themselves as waging jihadists against non-Muslims whom they refer to as kufaars. The group is engaged in a constant combat against the Transitional Federal Government and the African Union Mission to Somalia. The motive of the Al-Shabaab is to eliminate foreign in terference in Somalia; they thus kidnap, intimidate and kill aid workers to accelerate the suspension of humanitarian operations and an exodus of relief agents. Al-Shabaab is one of the most dangerous groups of the time and it is raising concern throughout the world because of its merciless terrorist activities. Al-Shabaab was initially a representation of the hard-line militant youth that was within the Islamic Courts Union. Currently, Al-Shabaab is described as the extremist splinter group of the Islamic Courts Union.

School competitors ERCI Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

School competitors ERCI - Essay Example By comparing the positive and negative attributes, a comparative estimation was done which highlighted on the competitive strategies, objectives of the individual schools as well as the efficiency and defensive moves which can help ERCI to gain market share by attracting more students internationally. ERCI on understanding its competitors’ strategies would restructure and implement their own strategies which would work as an advantage to them (ERC Institute, 2015). A survey was executed where the students of ERCI sampled 100 odd students from varied background to fill in a questionnaire which they analyzed to determine the student’s demand for educational school and what were the features they are more reluctant on while selecting a particular school to study in. The sample group had individuals from countries like Singapore, Vietnam, Korea and China who are students in Singaporean school. The main focus was on the survey method where the students were questioned on their decision making on selecting the specific schools they study in. The focus of the descriptive analysis was on the fees structure, the satisfactory attributes of the schools as well as the educational programs and certificates provided by them. Most of the students surveyed were males and were interested in further studies. 68.5% of the students were aware of the educational programs and attributes of the schools through the agents. Further, the sales manager of ERCI wa s interviewed to judge the recruiting and managing procedures for the international students. It was found that those students from India and China show greater interest in further studies internationally. They tend to seek information about the global schools through educational agencies in their respective countries and hence the Singaporean schools contact these agents to promote themselves and attract greater number of candidates. On the other hand, there are part time educational facilities in Singapore

World History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

World History - Essay Example However, the after affects of colonization are still causing shocks in regions such as Africa and some parts of Asia where unresolved questions still come up regarding international borders disputes or sharing regional resources. In such situations, it becomes easy to say that perhaps freedom from colonization was not a good idea for some sub-Saharan African nations where freedom has resulted only in the law of the jungle. Countries where independence was supposed to bring about a break from oppression and the rule of the elite have only seen corruption, inept governments and governmental policies which are making the rich richer and killing off the poor. For the lack of a better word, it seems that some former colonies are more or less ‘unable’ to handle the processes of government since they cannot establish governmental policies or control. It can be considered a little condescending on the part of Akbar (2005) but he strongly suggests that the management of financial affairs and handling large sums of money regardless of where they come from can be an issue for many young countries. This is especially true in the case where these newly independent nations have had no previous experience in managing such sums of money. Therefore he is in complete agreement with Rato (2006) and they both suggest that international organizations and donor agencies should help governments. This help should be targeted towards the creation of useful government policies and financial aid should be given to support specific causes and development programs. In effect, instead of establishing control over the government of the country, the donor agencies or countries can establish control over how the donation is used. While this protects the sovereignty of the nation, it also allows the weak government to gain access to some of the brightest minds in the world when they need to know how they can improve the conditions of their country. As per the recent

Consumer Analysis Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer Analysis - Term Paper Example Research indicates that young consumers strongly believe in fashion consumption as a tool by which to improve their social status and social relevancy. To identify whether this was true, a primary study was constructed that surveyed 14 youth consumers to determine whether they believed the Gap should or could provide for these needs. Findings indicated that conspicuous consumption is not a primary concern for younger markets, leading to formulate a set of recommendations that The Gap should focus more on product in the marketing mix and select certain lifestyle-relevant celebrities to gain more interest from youth consumers. The Problem of Rival Promotions in the Apparel Industry: Gap Inc. 1.0 Background Gap Inc., based in San Francisco, was founded in 1969 as a small retail store selling record albums and blue jeans. By 1970, the Gap had achieved $2 million in revenues allowing the company to expand to 25 different stores by 1973. It was not until 1974, however, that the Gap began o ffering consumers private-label apparel and accessories, a tradition that has positioned the business as a stand-alone innovator able to maintain strong sales volumes without reliance on various established apparel brands. 1.1 The Marketing Strategy Problem Gap Inc. has diversified its merchandise offerings from its original foundations of providing blue jeans and record albums to a variety of merchandise that maintains mass market appeal. Gap not only provides apparel and accessory merchandise in the United States, but in Europe as well, competing with major clothing retailers Zara (the fast-fashion company owned by Inditex) and H&M, two retailers offering clothing that is generally targeted to the younger, trend-centric consumer markets. It is the European market that provides the majority of sales revenues to this business that is in a growth stage in Europe and in decline in the United States. The main problem with Gap Inc. is the firm’s lack of focus on creating effectiv e promotional strategies in order to position the business properly with its desired target markets. When sales began to decline significantly in 2007, Gap executives attempted to modify its long-standing logo to make it fresher and more contemporary to a changing consumer audience. (See Figure 1). However, the business received such a significant outpouring of consumer discontent about the modified logo that the business scrapped its 2010 modification to return to its iconic blue box logo (Fredrix, 2010). In fact, the Chief Executive who authorized the change swiftly resigned from the company allegedly due to the failed repositioning effort (Wahba & Sage, 2011). Gap learned a significant lesson that its legitimate marketing problem was not associated with its corporate image, as consumers had built attachments and loyalties to the blue box logo. The problem was inefficient promotional strategy that could not outperform rival companies in the U.S. and Europe. From the consumer persp ective, repurchase intentions are based on stereotypes and physical appearances when interpreting marketing communications from a retailer (Schiffman & Kanuk, 2010). Internally, Gap had determined that it would need to seek out new markets in order to boost profitability, but did not take into consideration the cognition patterns of dedicated customers that already

GoTo Statement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

GoTo Statement - Essay Example A goto statement is a constituent of many languages like C, C++, COBOL, Pascal, Algol and others, especially of assembly languages. Nevertheless a goto statement is not popular in all higher-level languages of programming. Thus in Java goto statement is a reserved statement at present (Tribble 3). During the period of early stage of structured programming development many experts in computer science arrived at a conclusion that in programs it is better to use "structured flow-control commands", for example, loops and "if-then-else statements" rather than a goto statement (Tribble 5). Though there are experts who consider that despite the fact that "goto statement considered harmful", there exist some problems in a great number of programming languages that can't be directly decided without a goto statement, like, for instance, exception handling or breaking out of nested loops (Knuth 268). "There are few good uses for a goto statement. It is not uncommon for the class instructor to ban goto statements altogether. But the traditional legitimate use for a goto is to allow the programmer to escape from deep nesting when a special case (usually an error) has been encountered. For Pascal programmers, this means that, on rare occasion, you may want to goto'' the end of a subroutine in order to exit.

Future plans for education and career Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Future plans for education and career - Essay Example The actual work environment could be described as a both traditional and or less traditional. In this regard I expect that I would be working traditional hours with like minded and talented people in an office setting. However where this job differs from other working environments is that most programming firms that I have been exposed to typically have a more relaxed approach to the work environment such as casual attire and relaxed approach normal workplace interactions. There are five aspects about this field that interest me, the first of which is that assuming programmers are skilled and can manage reasonable workloads it has been my experience that they enjoy a high level of job security. As a second point, the field is always changing and I personally believe that this makes the job tasks very interesting. Moreover, programmers need to deal with a multitude of different clients that need a multitude of different solutions which also keep the work content fresh. Building on thi s precious point it that programmers often get to work with some of the most sophisticated equipment on the market. As a final point, it could be argued that programmers are well compensated for their work. List the course numbers and titles for all the prerequisites you must take prior to entering the degree program.

African american women underrepresantation in higher education Dissertation

African american women underrepresantation in higher education - Dissertation Example The African American women play a very important role in the academic field This alone calls for further research to find out the issues that surround the African American women in higher education.Since the beginning of 21st century, women have been integrated into the administration in most institutions of higher learning.However, they are hardly recognized and are only seen subordinates to the white women or black men. They are seen as a group that has no experience, even though they are equally competent with their colleagues (Anderson and Ramey, 1998). Still, there is a lot that needs to be done despite the fact that research has been done concerning the same. Research has in the past mainly concentrated on the students and the administration as a whole. This leaves the plight of the African American women unattended to. This literature review examines the following aspects. For one, I consider the policies that have been made by the judiciary, legislature and the executive conc erning the African American women in higher education. Secondly, the literature review focuses on the implementation of these policies, with an in depth focus on the state of Georgia. The third aspect that I will consider is the place of women in higher education. I will approach this by giving a comprehensive description of the same. Lastly, I will consider the future considerations of the policies that can enhance women’s representation in future. Main problems faced by African American women administrators ... This further leads to lack of influence and bottlenecks in achieving authority in these institutions. The third aspect that challenges these women is the prejudice on whether they are competent enough to lead other or make good management decision. Their families are also demanding, giving them limited chances of advancing in their careers. Fourthly, they face inequities in the opportunities of promotion and pay increase in these institutions (Eaglya and Johnson,1990). Many women have not been exposed to the opportunities of presidency. More so, they are still underrepresented in the faculties and in the senior most positions in the higher learning institutions. African American women have had to face limited chances in enrollment in the universities (Robson, 1985). This is mainly in North America, where a majority of women have no access to education. This explains why it is hard to have representation in the universities in such areas. The women also have balance between the tradit ional roles as homemakers and their professional careers. They are expected to do more than men, limiting their chances of rising as professional in any field (Eaglya and Johnson,1990). Further, their own views on what they are supposed to do in every day of their life, which limits their chances of fighting for their promotion in higher learning institutions (Robson, 1985). The responsibilities are both demanding, which means that a woman has limited chances of further education and thoroughness in their professionals. These are the very factors that warrant promotion and enhancement of leadership skills. Still, many women feel that their professional careers are secondary to their family roles and duties. Black women lack support by their spouses in the progression of their

Seminary in Brooklyn Should be Encouraged Essay Example for Free

Seminary in Brooklyn Should be Encouraged Essay In the beginning of twelfth many girls have the conflict of deciding whether they should attend a year in Israel for an experience in Jewish studies, or to stay home and have the same kind Jewish Studies of experience in New York without being in Israel and attend college. In this beginning time period of twelfth grade the chatter of whose going to seminary and whose not are the constant conversations. This causes way too much stress and tension on girls regarding which seminary in Israel they should apply to. Not applying to seminary It makes the twelfth grade year an unstressed year. Twelfth grade should be a stress free zone since it’s the last year spending time with your friends. Seminary is valuable, but Israel is not necessary. Seminary in Israel should not be presented and pushed as the only alternative. Schools tend to forget the spectacular seminaries we have here, in Brooklyn NY. of November, schools start to bring seminary into talk. Signs for open houses, seminary meetings, option nights are posted everywhere. Option night is an assigned night for all twelfth graders along with their parents to attend. What goes on this night is that one representative from each seminary speak. They speak about the seminary they attended send describe their own personal experience with that seminary. They give the audience a feel of the seminary. Students and parents go home with a lot of confusion. Which seminary is my daughters’ type? Which one will she do well in? so many difficult questions arise. This turns into stress. In my opinion if they speak about Brooklyn seminaries and not hide it in the sand, it would change plenty of parent’s minds, and make the decision an easier one. Seminary advisors send out notes to set up a meeting with each individual student along with their parents. The goal of this meeting is to help make the right decision for the gir l and what is best for her. The seminary advisor takes out a list of all seminaries, and goes through each one individually. She tries cutting down the seminaries that are not the right fit for the student. This minimizes their selection and makes it easier for the girl and the family to choose what is best for each individual girl. The seminary adviser that is assigned to each girl does help many girls, but I think they are mainly focusing on the Israel part and barely mentioning staying home. Peer pressure at this point is above indescribable. Girls that don’t really want to go and would be okay in Brooklyn are feeling that pressure, â€Å"my friends are going therefore I should go.† I went through this myself. I didn’t want to feel like that loner that’s giving away the opportunity, and going to stay home alone. Seminary in Brooklyn is definitely not being discussed as much as it should be. It should be equally advertised as Israel is. I feel this system should be changed. Schools should cut down on the pushing girls to go to Israel. and start focusing on the superb seminaries we have here in the United States. I’ve interviewed friends of mine whom experienced the Israel seminary program along with those who have stayed in Brooklyn seminaries. Debra was in Darchei Bina for a year. She had a grand year. The one word she used to describe her experience was â€Å"indescribable† she had no words to describe her experience. I asked her what she gained from that year and why she would encourage Israel seminary. She answered me back one word â€Å"friendship, that’s the highlight of my year†. I told her to explain and elaborate on what she meant by that. She said the friendships she made within those ten months of her life she will always cherish forever. She became closer to girls in 10 months, than she as with her friends back home that she was with for years. I asked how such a thing is possible. She replied briefly â€Å"seminary is a time period where a girl is mature and knows what and who she is in life, and what she wants to perceived as in the future. She knows what type of friends are good for her and which girls will help her and be the person she wants to be in the future, you find those few friends who will stay with you forever. Debra is already four ye ars out of seminary. Her closest friends she made that year live in London and Chicago. They speak every night and visit each other on occasion. She brought up a good point because in higschool you move from friend to friend because nobody is stable yet. I personally say that you can find those same friends in Brooklyn seminaries. It will definitely take longer to bond but at the end of the day you will find that. It will take longer since you’re not together 24-7. You’re together for a couple of hours a day. Debra brought up a fantastic point; some girls need that quick friendship process that brings everlasting friendships. Not everyone needs that and not everyone gains such friendships in Israel, it’s not guaranteed. Another friend of mine, Michal who attended seminar told me about her experience. Michal focus and reason to go was to gain independence. â€Å" I used to be that girl that needed mommy for everything, whether it was driving me places, going shopping, or even making my bed.† After a year of completing the seminary stage in her life she said she is no longer that same old Michal anym ore. She’s more independent than anyone else can be. â€Å"Without that one year of Israel I wouldn’t be who I am today, I would be a mommys girl that nobody appreciates†. For her it was the best move of her life. Girls who need that sense and feel of living on your own and become independent, Israel may be a success. Some girls do need that. Doing laundry on your, cleaning, folding, taking care of shabbos meals, basically doing everything without mommy. On the other hand she shares the negative part of her experience. She is used to a cozy comfortable life. Her clean room, her clean spotless house. She had a very hard time adjusting to this big switch. She said everything in seminary is flying, its ugly. She believes a girl should know what she is coming to before she registers for seminary. â€Å"Its not something a person should jump into, if you’re that type of clean person, think twice before coming.† This was difficult for her but she kept telling herself I’m here for the right reason, to gain independence, therefore I will live with this. â€Å"If a girl doesn’t have the right reasons to come, I believe she should stay in Brooklyn seminary.† I enjoyed interviewing Michal. What she said really touched me. It did bring a valid point that girls should be aware of. Mrs. Edery, a parent of a twelfth grader explains as follows. â€Å"It’s so unfair and unnecessary to us the parents to spend so much money on seminary in Israel, it’s a burden these schools are putting on us it seems like they don’t realize what’s going on in this economy.† She said plenty of parents cannot afford it financially but feel the pressure to take every penny and even loans to send their daughters. She does not understand what’s wrong the seminaries here that they are not being enforced. I’m on the same boat as Mrs. Edery. If seminary in Israel is so important and they feel everyone is obligated to go, they should cut down tuition fee. There are scholarship programs that some families are qualified for. Even with that help it’s difficult. Chevy, who was recently a kallah, tried giving over her point of view regarding isreal. She brought up an excellent point that many people only realize once they get back from Israel. Free time in Israel can lead to bad and downfall of a person. When you’re free and bored you look for bad, that’s nature of a person. This defeats the whole purpose of â€Å"growing† in Israel. Most parents are naive and tend to throw this right over their head while they’re figuring out the seminary for their daughter. â€Å"If parents knew what goes on there at certain hours, certain places, they wouldn’t even think twice to send their daughters there† I was actually in Israel a couple of weeks ago and I was astonished by what goes on. Bis Yaakov girls hanging around because there are no night classes certain nights. These seminaries are trying to do well but they are missing an important point. Every parent wants only good for their child, in my7 opinion they should go check out the scene there before sending their child. In Brooklyn a girl has parents watching her and controlling her. This saves her from falling most of the time. A person has to be extremely strong and know their limits if they’re planning on spending the year in the holy land. Mrs. Fink, a seminary advisor in Prospect Park agrees with this free time issue. She says people sometimes get this wrong. They think they’re entering a place with kedusha and its going to stop them from doing bad. That’s not true, because if a person wants to do bad he will find his way. So you really have to know yourself ad beware of this. Boys are sent off to Israel and they hang out on the streets that are a danger for girls. She also explains how Israel is amazing because you focus on limudei kodesh and spiritually a whole day. This is a watering the seed of a person to grow. But in Brooklyn it’s just a couple hours of the day and the rest is secular studies. It’s a big expense; some families financially can’t afford it so the child has to understand accept this matter. â€Å" some families need that extra 20,000 dollars for the Childs wedding, instead of spending it on seminary† after seminary the girl iyh is ready to get married and the chatuna is a big expense, so seminary expense should be cut down. Another reason Mrs. Fink thinks a girl should stay home, Shabbat placing. Although seminaries make sure you have a place for Shabbat, it’s not always that homey atmosphere a child needs. Girls are sent to random families they don’t know, how can parents let such? It’s hard for some girl not to be in their own home, in the atmosphere they are used to for Shabbat. One of my cousins, Leora, went to BYA maalot here in Brooklyn, NY. â€Å"Main reason why people go to seminary is to grow, and they think that can only happen in Israel, but here I am proving them wrong† She grew tremendously, great hashgafa and great teachers. She met a lot of new girls and built real true friendships with them. â€Å"All my friends went to 9sreal, I felt left out at first but after gaining so much I realized how lucky I am to attend seminary near home†. She said it was really convenient instead of sleeping in a dirty dorm room she was able to sleep in her own house and bed and even go to seminary!!!! Some girls think they won’t grow by staying in Brooklyn. It’s because our schools aren’t discussing and bringing girls in whom had great and meaningful experiences here. â€Å"I wish I was able to repeat seminary in Brooklyn again† Leora is already 2 years out of seminary and still values every moment of her attendance to BYA m aalot. Marlene, a friend of mine whom also stayed in Brooklyn agrees with my cousin Leora. She attended Machon in Boro Park. â€Å"The teachers were role models, their hashgafa was amazing, I wanted to grow and gain some more torah knowledge before entering the next stage in my life, and yet I did.† Marlene fell into peer pressure and did apply to seminary in Israel. Her sister veevee, who went to Israel a couple years before convinced her not to go. Veevee went for the wrong reasons, peer pressure. She saw what it was like and returned home after a couple of months and attended seminary in Boro Park mid November. She didn’t feel the obligation to be in Israel when she was able to be home and gain the same thing. Therefore she told Marlene the truth that it’s a fashion statement to go to Israel. â€Å"You want to grow, you can even grow in Brooklyn, and it doesn’t say in the torah that growing only works in Israel†. I strongly agree with this, it’s something important that should be taken into concern. A downside about Israel seminary from my point of view is brain wash. I see it with my own eyes, m=when my friends come back from seminary in Israel they are totally different. The ones that become frumer are brainwashed for six months then they’re back to themselves how they were before leaving to seminary. I see this with all my friends that went to seminary and grew for the better. It stops the girls from dating right away, they have to wait till that â€Å"brainwash† is washed away, or else this can be dangerous. As opposed to the ones that stayed in Brooklyn, I’ve never came across such incidents. Some girls do need Israel. Some girls need the experience for the right reason. It’s a big decision that needs a lot of thought out in to it. Parents and schools should put Brooklyn seminaries on their list too and set aside time to look into it. No question there are many people whom go to Israel to study but thank god we are blessed to have fine seminaries here in Brooklyn, NY that a girl can grow spiritually and gain similar benefits. In my opinion this whole Israel â€Å"business† is a trend and everyone feels the need t o stay in fashion and be in style. The fact that schools aren’t focusing on Brooklyn seminaries it makes this concept a tougher decision then it really should be.

Hr Provision Essay Example for Free

Hr Provision Essay Provision function: is a consecutive process of human resources planning, job analysis, recruitment, selection, placement and incorporation. HR Planning The ongoing process of systematic planning is to achieve optimum use of an organizations most valuable asset its human resources. The objective of HR planning is to ensure the best fit between employees and jobs, while avoiding manpower shortages or surpluses. Sands Corporation would have to look at the three key elements of the HR planning process, which are: forecasting labour demand, analyzing present labour supply, and balancing projected labour demand and supply. Proper human resource planning will enable Sands HR department to plan recruitment, selection, training and career development . The HR plan needs to be flexible enough to meet short-term staffing challenges, while adapting to changing conditions in the business and environment over the longer term. Job Analysis and Design Job analysis is the process by which HR systematically investigate the task, duties and responsibilities of the jobs within an organisation. For human resource to be effective, Sands HR must be aware of the essentials that amount to each position. That is there should be a process whereby the substance, demands and responsibilities of a job are determined. Therefore two sets of information should originate from job analysis. First, Job Description which is the document that identifies and defines: a job in terms of duties, responsibilities, tasks and supervisory relationships. Second, Job Specification which is a written statement which emphasises the characteristics required from the incumbent to perform the job successfully, which should include skills, abilities and knowledge . Recruitment and selection the process of acquiring applicants who are available and qualified to fill the positions and choosing from a group of applicants the individual best suited for a particular position. Recruitment usually comes about as a result of HR planning and vacant positions that have to be filled. The staffing personnel, should use the job analysis as the point of departure, and follow steps such as recruitment planning, recruitment action (how, where and when), the type of recruiting source, screening and selecting . HR manager and the staffing personnel should through the recruiting process, consider the legal aspects as well, such as the labour Relation Act, No. 66 of 1995, the Basic Conditions of Employment Act, No. 75 of 1997 and the Employment Equity Act, no. 55 of 1998. Placement this is the process by which the staffing specialist will place a new appointed employee in an organisation, or transfer existing employees are transferred to new posts. Placement is important because of the heterogeneity of the labour groups. The staffing personnel should make sure that there is â€Å"FIT† between the job itself and the new job incumbent, so that there would be high productivity and a lower turn over from the new incumbent. It should be clear that placement is a combination of the employers’ requirement to fill a position successfully and the employee’s motivation to reach the top. Incorporation The specialist in training and development should attend and make sure that the new employee settles into the new position. The employee should be provided with the information regarding the organisation and its culture through orientation, must also be given specific information about the position and the department should be given through induction. The new employee must be made to feel part of the new work group as soon as possible. The training personnel need to explain the organisations policies, rules and regulations to the new employee as well as counter negative influences by fellow workers.

George Berkeley And Empiricism Analysis Philosophy Essay

George Berkeley And Empiricism Analysis Philosophy Essay Empiricism is the doctrine that knowledge derives from experience. One very important philosopher to empiricism is George Berkeley. Berkeley denies the existence of material substances and says that existence of substances is depended on perception. In his famous Three Dialogues, he introduces characters Philonous and Hylas whose names ironically mean love of intellect and matter. As the First Dialogue starts, Hylas calls Philonous a skeptic by his definition one who doubts of everything or who denies the realty and truth of things (pg.219, The Empiricist) he soon gets Hylas to admit that he too is a skeptic. Philonous breaks everything down into two groups either having: primary qualities (qualities that can be measured) and secondary qualities (sensible qualities). In the following pages Berkeley goes on to prove that there is no inherit qualities within a material substance that makes it a material substance, and everything is viewed through perception. For example, a cherry is a cherry because it is red, sweet, round etc. But all those things are not innate things that are a cherry. They are sensible qualities because we see, taste, and feel that the cherry is red, sweet and round. Even though we all agree that before us is a cherry, we all will find that we have different perception about whether on not the cherry is sweet or bitter. Anything that is arbitrary is perception. His point was that if it is without being perceived, then it cannot be proven. In order to know a thing exists, we must perceive them. Berkeley also set out to prove that primary qualities only exist in our minds. His proof of this is that an object perceived by two different people could be larger or smaller, depending on how big that person actually is. For example a foot to me may seem moderately long, but a foot to a 6 foot person may seem really short. Hence, extension is not inherent in the object. He also gives the example of motion and how speed is measured by an internal clock In the Second Dialogue, Berkeley introduces Monism (everything is reduced to one), Dualism: 1) thinking (substance pilot) 2) physical material (substance machine), and Idealism (only perceiving minds and perceptions exist). This is where Philonous brings God into the equation because he needs a cause for our sensible ideas. His argument of causation is as follows: 1) sensible ideas must be caused by some spirit 2) I am not the cause of my sensible ideas 3) There must be some other spirit that causes my sensible ideas. Therefore, there is a God. His argument of Perception then is: 1) sensible things cannot exist without being perceived 2) sensible things exist independently of my perceptions 3) there must be some other perceiver. Therefore God is the perceiver. He goes on to say that since were purely passive in our perceptions and God is purely active, it is God that excites ideas in our minds. In the Third Dialogue, Hylas asks how idealism can distinguish a dream from reality (since they are both depending on the mind). Philonous answers him by saying that dreams and products of the imagination are faint and dependent on the will; sense impressions are livelier and do not depend on the will. Hylas also brings up the fact that if God is the author of all things, he would also be the author of evil; Philonous says that evil doesnt exist outward, only inward and that we are in control of our own wills. At first I found Berkley very convincing in his arguments about perception, but as with other philosophers, when he gets to the existence of God, their argument falls apart. The thought of God exciting all our ideas through our souls is a bit strange. Yes all perceptions have to be first perceived by God, and that God had to have an idea of us doing something for it to actually happen is crazy. I dont agree with Berkeleys use of God, but I dont necessarily agree that God just created the world and people in it and steps away from it (Descartes, Meditations); there has to be some type of middle ground. If you fuse the philosophies of Descartes and Berkeley, I believe that one could come up with something more believable, its just too hard to believe that God does everything because in a sense your saying that God who is all powerful and omnipresent uses us to act here on Earth, which is absurd since we are finite and he is infinite. I didnt quite get Berkeleys concept that God is all active and first perceives us doing things before we do them because is flawed. If that were true, you would have to infer that God is also the author of evil. If God perceives everything we do before we do it and everything we do our first His ideas, then he would be able to stop evil doings. What Berkeley says about us being in control of our own wills would have to be false because if that were true, we would be in control of our own perceptions in my opinion. It just seems that if that were true, then everything we did would be in a sense godly, and that obviously isnt true. It makes perfect sense to me that are senses play a big role in how we view the world around us, but although he was convincing in that concept I, couldnt help but thinking that Hylas had a lot of good points also. There must be something innate in objects that make them the objects they are, or else we why would we need to name the objects to discern one from another? I thought that Berkely had a good theory, but it wasnt realistic, although convincing. If I cant agree with Berkeleys use of God, then his whole theory starts to starts to fall apart because hes using God as a sort of cushion for his concept, but I dont think he uses God in the right way. Because Berkely is a bishop, he cant be really objective when it comes to God. He already has preconceived thoughts, and for philosophy to work one needs to dispel all previous conceptions on all subject matter, but obviously he cant because of his vocation. This is where his argument on God is flawed. I believe that the reason why philosopher arguments get confusing or nonsensical when it comes to God is because I believe that back then religion was uniform. Taboo to go against it, whereas now we have many. Many religions open up many different ways of viewing God. I believe this is important when it comes to philosophy because philosophy is most broadly defined as love and pursuit of wisdom by intellectual means and moral self-discipline. You cant truly have self exploration without being willing to accept new things or at least the possibility of new things. In conclusion, I could not agree with Berkeleys idealisms, but they did make me think about they way I view the world. At the end of the day, I feel that personal biases will always get in the way of the way we perceive.

Essay --

The novel Lord of the Flies is obviously a fiction novel, not a real story. But that said it has a lot of real life morals that we can relate to and even compare and contrast to our everyday life. It takes morals from our everyday life and even history of humans, some biblical perspectives even. Some topics are how the island can be represented as the Garden of Eden, the fight for leadership, struggle to survive, and the symbolism of the conch. First we’ll look at the biblical view; the island is like the Garden of Eden. The island was described as perfect and a paradise, then the plane crashed and the boys came. The book describes the island with beauty and majesty and just a great place to be- a tropical paradise. If we take a look at the bible in Genesis, it describes the Garden of Eden the same way, no sin, no danger, nothing bad. Then the influence of man came. The plane in LotF makes a scar on the island when it crashes, making the island imperfect, the boys quarrel and fight, the spill the pigs blood on the surface, start fires, build homes, the boys basically colonize the island in their own little way, and in the end, basically burn the whole thing. Same with the Garden, God makes the Garden of Eden beautiful, and perfect. The trees, animals, and everything else all live together. Then the serpent comes and tempts the woman, whom gives to the man, and then the fall happened. Man’s sinful nature sh ows through in both these stories, all that was good and beautiful is destroyed by man. The fight for leadership is a huge conflict in this story, maybe even the main one. Ralph has the good leader figure about him; he finds the conch and makes sit a symbol of power almost. It is something that in the beginning can con... ...s boys do. These boys in the book though take these actions to a new level, they murder two of the boys with them, burn the island, hunt to live but also brutally kill the pigs to. But in the end they are only young immature boys, when the captain comes in the end then the author describes Jack, this great, powerful, barbarian leader just a small lost boy chasing other boys with spears made of rocks tied to sticks. They end up being nothing more. The novel Lord of the Flies is obviously a fiction novel, not a real story. But that said it has a lot of real life morals that we can relate to and even compare and contrast to our everyday life. The boys on the island have relatable situations to us in our world today and the world in the past. The fiction novel is a great book, the author makes connections between the two worlds, and they are easily distinguishable.

Essay on Gregor as Catalyst for Metamorphosis -- Metamorphosis essays

Gregor as Catalyst for Metamorphosis of the Family    In Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, Gregor is not the only presence that undergoes a complete transformation. Sometimes a change in one area of life will give way to changes in other areas, but the ensuing changes would not have come about without the first change that set things in motion. This is the case with Gregor and his family. Gregor’s family was in dire need of change, and Gregor’s condition became a powerful catalyst for that change. Gregor’s metamorphosis facilitates the change of his entire family, proving that oftentimes an outside source is needed to pull people out of a rut and get them on their feet again. Before Gregor turned into a giant bug, his entire family relied heavily on him in more ways than one. After his father’s business failed, Gregor became the main breadwinner of the household. He got a steady job and the entire family was happy, because a steady job accompanies steady income and a steady supply of food, as well. Over time, "they had simply got used to it, both the family and Gregor; the money was gratefully accepted and gladly given, but there was no special uprush of warm feeling" (95). Each member of the family becomes accustomed to an easy life in which needs and wants are provided for. This routine causes the individuals in the family to stagnate and live unproductively. The family begins to follow a path of exis... ...ometimes it is only through the changes of another, in this case Gregor, that people themselves begin to transform. The sacrifice of Gregor allows his family to leave its protective cove and journey out into the world, discovering what life has to offer. Works Cited Eggenschwiler, David. "'The Metamorphosis', Freud, and the Chains of Odysseus". Franz Kafka: Modern Critical Views. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 199-219. Emrich, Wilhelm. Franz Kafka: A Critical Study of His Writings. New York: Ungar, 1968. Kafka, Franz. Metamorphosis. Trans. A.L. Lloyd. New York: Vanguard Press, Inc., 1946. Pawel, Ernst. The Nightmare of Reason. New York: Vintage Books, 1984. Essay on Gregor as Catalyst for Metamorphosis -- Metamorphosis essays Gregor as Catalyst for Metamorphosis of the Family    In Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis, Gregor is not the only presence that undergoes a complete transformation. Sometimes a change in one area of life will give way to changes in other areas, but the ensuing changes would not have come about without the first change that set things in motion. This is the case with Gregor and his family. Gregor’s family was in dire need of change, and Gregor’s condition became a powerful catalyst for that change. Gregor’s metamorphosis facilitates the change of his entire family, proving that oftentimes an outside source is needed to pull people out of a rut and get them on their feet again. Before Gregor turned into a giant bug, his entire family relied heavily on him in more ways than one. After his father’s business failed, Gregor became the main breadwinner of the household. He got a steady job and the entire family was happy, because a steady job accompanies steady income and a steady supply of food, as well. Over time, "they had simply got used to it, both the family and Gregor; the money was gratefully accepted and gladly given, but there was no special uprush of warm feeling" (95). Each member of the family becomes accustomed to an easy life in which needs and wants are provided for. This routine causes the individuals in the family to stagnate and live unproductively. The family begins to follow a path of exis... ...ometimes it is only through the changes of another, in this case Gregor, that people themselves begin to transform. The sacrifice of Gregor allows his family to leave its protective cove and journey out into the world, discovering what life has to offer. Works Cited Eggenschwiler, David. "'The Metamorphosis', Freud, and the Chains of Odysseus". Franz Kafka: Modern Critical Views. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 199-219. Emrich, Wilhelm. Franz Kafka: A Critical Study of His Writings. New York: Ungar, 1968. Kafka, Franz. Metamorphosis. Trans. A.L. Lloyd. New York: Vanguard Press, Inc., 1946. Pawel, Ernst. The Nightmare of Reason. New York: Vintage Books, 1984.

How to Make a Simple Birthday Cake :: Expository Process Essays

How to Make a Simple Birthday Cake Have you ever wanted to make a birthday cake for a loved one? Well, here is how to make a simple birthday cake. All you'll need is a little time, love, and a few items from the grocery store. You will need a boxed cake mix (the favorite of the birthday person), shortening, eggs, oil, flour, and birthday candles (the number will depend on the age of the birthday person.) When you get home, you will need to gather a few items: a large mixing bowl, a large cake pan, an electric mixer or a large mixing spoon, a spatula, and measuring cups and spoons. First, you will need to wash your hands and work area. Read through the directions on the cake box to be sure you have everything you need. Then, gather all of your equipment and food items in your work area, organize it according to the order you will use them in making your cake. Be sure to preheat your oven to the appropriate temperature before you begin. Next, put the dry cake mix into your large mixing bowl. Then, put the prescribed amount of water, oil, and eggs into the mix. Then, with the electric mixer or mixing spoon mix the batter until it is smooth and free of clumps. Next, grease the large cake pan with the shortening. If you wish, you can wrap your fingers with wax paper to keep them from getting greasy. Then, flour the pan lightly. If you do this over the garbage can it will be easier to clean your work area later. Next, pour the cake batter into the cake pan, using the rubber spatula to scrape all of the batter off of the sides of the bowl. Be sure the batter is level in the pan so it will rise evenly. Next, place the cake on the top rack of the oven and bake for the amount of time specified on the box, the time is usually around thirty minutes. While the cake is baking clean up you work area. After the cake is done remove it from the oven. If you push a toothpick to the bottom and it comes out clean it is done. Turn off the oven and let the cake cool. After the cake has had ample time to cool, you are ready to spread the icing on the cake.

Law in the light Of Three cases Essay

Framing his arguments on the conception of the â€Å"original understanding† as basis, Bork argues that this theory is the best and sole method which can be utilized in order to resolve and reconcile the perceived conflict that exists between what he calls as the â€Å"Madisonian† or â€Å"counter-majoritarian† dilemma. This problem primarily concerns the judiciary of creating law bereft of popular approval or consultation. The reconciliation between the two opposing poles according to Bork can be further resolved through the guidance not only of the basic functions of the branches of the government but, far more importantly, also of the Framer’s original understanding of the Constitution of the United States of America. Bork emphasizes that it is not essentially the role of the courts to legislate or create laws from where they are primarily positioned and that the court’s primary duty is to adjudicate. Moreover, he also argues that the courts should not only practice restraint in arriving at legal decisions over cases but that they should also make manifest of â€Å"neutral principles† quite apart from ad hoc pronouncements or subjective valuations or judgments which Bork sees as insufficient. In essence, the theory of originalism within the scopes of the constitutional interpretation by the U. S. is a conjuncture or a family of theories that reinforces the perception that the Constitution has an unchanging, hence fixed, and comprehensible meaning right at its establishment or the time of its ratification. It is also a theory of law that is formalist in nature and is closely related with the theory of textualism. The theory of originalism is currently popular among the political conservatives of the United States political system that is directly intertwined with Robert Bork as well as Clarence Thomas and Antonin Scalia although there are also quite a number of liberals who support and make use of the arguments being put forward by the theory of originalism. For the most part, originalism is conceived as a family of theories whereby a set of interpretations, though separated by fine distinctions, are nevertheless held together by their theoretical and argumentative support for originalism. The theory of original intent suggests that originalism is the view that argues that the interpretation of a written constitution is held to be firmly aligned with the primary intentions of those who drafted and approved its legality. This interpretation based on original intent has so often been used to disapprove unpopular groups such as gays and blacks during the middle parts of the twentieth century from acquiring civil liberties. The reason to this is that the original intent of the authors or the â€Å"founders† of the constitution did not practically intend explicitly or implicitly either for gays or for blacks to be duly given with the same rights that white males enjoy. On the other hand, closely related to textualism is the notion of the â€Å"original meaning† which holds that the precise and rightful interpretation of the constitution should be entirely founded on what the ordinary meaning of the written texts in the constitution would have been during the year or the time when it was drafted and ratified. Although these interpretations of the theory of originalism may not necessarily come into full agreement on the use of the terms expressed in the constitution, they nevertheless share the same view that there is an authority that exists with the ratification of the constitution that should serve as the backbone in extracting the meaning of the constitution. The very distinctions correspond to the intentions of the authors, the plain meaning of the written texts in the constitution, and the comprehension of those who authored the constitution or those who ratified it. Paul Brest held contradicting arguments to those that are being proposed in the context of originalism. Brest maintains that the theory of originalism is itself unworkable for the reason that it is practically not feasible to identify and aggregate the intentions of the framers of the constitution whose numbers come in multitudes. He further maintains that the arguments being put forward by originalism is difficult to be pursued and be delegated to current issues that beset the legal system. Frederick Schauer, as a proponent of legal formalism, may very well suggest that the substance of laws is not an area of concern for the judges to delve into but is rather the function of the legislative body in a democratic government. The division between policy or normative considerations and legal reasoning, as put forward by formalism, highlights the issue revolving around the attempts of justices to determine the legal valuations of statutes. Planned Parenthood versus Casey  The constitutionality of a number of state regulations in Pennsylvania that correspond on the legal issued of abortion were put to legal test in the case of Planned Parenthood versus Casey. The Supreme Court of the United States’ lead plurality opinion maintained the right to acquire an abortion although contemporaneous to its decision is the lowering of the standards for the assessing limitations of such right which in turn nullified the validity of one regulation in favor of the upholding of the other regulations. The case in itself is divided between differing judgments among the justices and that none of the opinions of the Justices were merged or could have been merged by a majority among the justices. Moreover, the case has made clear the very substantial role of precedents in deciding the legality and outcome of the arguments in legal cases. The main precedent that has been used in the case is that of Roe v. Wade which initially recognized the right guaranteed by the U. S. Constitution to decide for and acquire an abortion as a form of liberty specifically maintained by the Fourteenth Amendment, specifically by the Due Process Clause. The course of the case posed the first challenge directed towards the court’s ruling in the case of Roe that further distinguished itself as a seminal issue in the history of the abortion rights in America. On the part of the Justices who comprised the panel that will decide the merit and outcome of the case, dissenting opinions were raised and held. Part of the arguments raised by the justices who concurred with Roe as precedent suggests that the arguments raised in the Roe case were legally substantial enough to uphold the constitutionality of the provisions set forth by the Constitution. That is, the Roe case as precedent addresses the contentions of the complainants in the manner in which prior court rulings are maintained and, hence, determine the legality of the case inasmuch as the contentions to the legal rights are provided and preserved. On the other hand, part of the panel of justices dissented on the substantiality of the constitutional provision by arguing that the Roe case, when used as a precedent in the case at hand, was incorrectly decided and, hence, cannot be considered in extracting the necessary legal remedy in the case of Planned Parenthood versus Casey. Rawls and the principle of fairness Central to John Rawls’ conception of justice is his treatment of the concept of justice as â€Å"fairness†. From this main precept, Rawls continues his argument by expounding on the circumstances that will give rise to these fair conditions. Before centering one’s attention on these circumstances, it must be noted that Rawls primarily makes use of the veil of ignorance in determining the principles of justice that the society will eventually adopt. These first principles of justice will then serve as the basis for the legal aspects of the society such as the creation of legislative proclamations, precedents, drafting and ratification of the constitution, legal sanctions expressed in these written codes of law among many others. At the onset of the determination of the principles of justice, Rawls suggests that the members of the society will convene in order to determine which principles are to be accepted as the first principles. The convention of the individuals is made on equal on grounds on several bases. First is that the individuals will be deprived of general knowledge on matters which will allow them to obtain a relative advantage over other people in the convention. This limiting of knowledge is met through the hypothetical veil of ignorance that serves as the â€Å"veil† which strains out specific knowledge among them. The specific types of knowledge Rawls refers to are those that revolve around the context of the age, race and social status among many others. The knowledge of these specific factors, Rawls claims, lead to an unfair advantage of some over the rest for the reason that it results to basic inequalities prior to the commencement of the convention of rational individuals. On the other hand, what must only be permitted are general knowledge such as the knowledge that the principles that the convention of individuals will eventually agree on will automatically subject these people to the scopes and limitations set forth in these principles and other sets of principles that can be derived from them. Eventually, the individuals in the convention will agree on the first principles of justice they are able to decide. Conversely, this is the crucial part whereby fairness is met. Fairness here is taken to mean that the first principles were derived under fair conditions to the individuals and that the principles, consequently, are fair as well. From this, it is claimed that the moral obligations that are to be extracted from the principles of justice are those that the individuals will not disagree on for reasons of injustice or unfairness. The reason behind this is that the veil of ignorance guarantees fair conditions in arriving at fair principles thereby ensuing that the individuals will not go against the provisions of the law derived from the first principles. John Simmons, on the other hand, maintains that there is apparently the non-existence of any strong moral duty towards the law of any given society or state. Moreover, Simmons argues that moral obedience towards the constitution or the law in general barely amounts to the premise that even in a just or orderly state only some natural duty and not all brings justification of compliance to the law. Further, Simmons analyzes and determines that Rawls’ conception of a natural duty of justice (all must build and maintain just institutional arrangements) as a justification for the natural duty to obey the law is inadequate to bring about a strong moral duty towards the law. The arguments of Rawls primarily fail for the reason that Rawls is unable in thoroughly explaining the reason behind why even just institutions in the domestic arena ought to acquire privileged moral authority over individuals in the state. Conversely, it should be noted that if indeed there is the existence of natural duty towards justice, then the question remains as to why this duty would have to arrive at the fences of every state or nation.

Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Niterói Essay

The potassium nitratei modern-day Art Museum (Museu de Arte Contempornea de Niteri macintosh) is set in the metropolis of Niteri, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and is whizz of the citys main landmarks. It was perfect in 1996. Designed by Oscar Niemeyer with the attention of structural engineer Bruno Contarini, who had worked with Niemeyer on ahead reckons, the MAC-Niteri is 16 meters high its cupola has a diameter of 50 metres with three floors. The museum projects itself everywhere Boa Viagem (Bon Voyage, Good Journey), the 817 self-colored metres (8,790 sq ft) reflecting pool that surrounds the cylindrical base same a flower, in the words of Niemeyer. A wide access side of meat leads to a Hall of Expositions, which has a capacity for lux people. Two doors lead to the viewing gallery, by which can be seen theGuanabara Bay, Rio de Janeiro, and Sugarloaf Mountain.The saucer-shaped modernist structure, which has been likened to a UFO, is set on a cliffside, at the bottom of which is a beach. In the get h aged of Oscar Niemeyer, an architect committed to his century,1 Niemeyer is seen flying over Rio de Janeiro in a UFO which and so lands on the site, suggesting this to be the origin of the museum. The MAC Scandal was a political indignation that occurred when the mayor Joo Sampaio inaugurated the Niteri Contemporary Art Museum. The MAC is situated on a hill slope that had locked construction rights set by the city council. Therefore in December 1996, the rude(a) mayor, Jorge Roberto Silveira sent a project to the city council to obtain the rights to construction in that commonwealth. The project was accepted in only cardinal days, giving permission to build buildings up to 40 metres (130 ft).The city council did not dwell that days before, Zeca Mocarzel, sub-mayor of the Niteris Oceanic Region (of Jorge Roberto Silveiras government) bought the lands at a very low price, claiming to the old owner that the region was locked and nothing could be d one there. So he bought the area and, after the inauguration of the MAC which considerably increased the property values of the near areas, later sold the land for more(prenominal) than 5 million reals, approximately 1,250,000 US dollars at the time (2,720,000 dollars today). Because the scandal occurred fair(a) before Christmas, the people of Niteri said that it was Jorge Roberto Silveira, Zeca Mocarzel and Joo Sampaios (long-time Niteris politicians) Christmas present.

Nike Supply Chain Essay

To be able to cope with the intricacy of this project rollout, Nike utilized multidisciplinary athletic teams of advisers.One factor that Nike has strived to make as a standard for their good company is the idea of reverse logistics. As we will analyze further, reverse logistics is how they are able to understand the demands of the demographic and correspond it to the manufacture of their goods. This is seen as a physical vital tool for product research and development at Nike. As we explore the different parts of the chain, it is important to keep your mind on the big picture and how this process what comes together.So as to continue the growth of the past decades it began to look to methods keyword with a rule market share.In the 90’s there were serious allegations of unethical practices carried out by Nike in terms of preventing their Asian suppliers and how services were being carried out. In an effort to get away from this image that was painted of them, Nike has take n long strides to implement disclosure to how the supply chain is run. Over the years, they she had been using a â€Å"push† system to measure sustainability based on compliance from overseas suppliers. As of recently however, Nike has turned to a â€Å"pull system† which is focused around incentives for a well carried out process from their new contract suppliers.

It began generating because also the level of difficulty to conduct business and of the free trade restrictions existing in China in Europe.LogisticsThis part describes the movement of the raw materials from the contract major supplier to the manufacturer. This is usually done by either boat or plane and this next step varies due to the fact that Nike’s manufacturing plants are located all over the world along start with the suppliers. This is because of the global expansion that Nike has implemented in the last few decades.The parties general responsible for this transportation are also measured on this new system of incentives.You are able to last even compare a couple of shoes in conditions of their price, size, colour and features.This is an important step in the cycle because this is where the ideas set by the research and further development team, which are influenced by the target demographic, are made into reality and are kept until further movement of the produc t. Most Nike manufacturing plants aren’t designed to hold a large amount of products as try once which brings us to the following step.Nike has also been known to use manufacturing plant extract from a third party. Because of the fact that Nike is still responsible for these processes carried out by these manufacturers, they keep a close watch on the quality of the products produced.

Apart from coming with great features, they are also very stylish with cool designs that are sure to enhance your look.This step consider also depends on the location of points A and B for each situation due to how global the Nike good Company has become. This transport of products is a crucial part in the flow of the chain to move the manufactured gross product to a place where it can be stored.Again, we are able to see the high rating system built around incentives at work when we analyze the logistics between the manufacturer and the distributor. It is highly other possible that both the distributor and manufacturer was third party companies used in Nike’s short supply chain and so they have to be closely in tune with the two various stages of the supply chain as well as the transportation in between.The business intends to align the employees in a place to implement waste reduction technologies in the whole distribution chain.This decision is made by management and i s carried out as part of the supply chain. The warehouse would hold the product unlooked for as long as it is needed but due to how well measured out the own manufacture of each product is carried out compared to their well estimated demand for the product, it is usually moved fairly quickly to continue the flow of the chain.Distribution is important because the final product needs to be stored before is sent to vendors. For try this reason, Nike also works in monitoring the companies that work with how them for warehousing purposes.

Taking appropriate measures When a provider is knee-deep in a massive supply chain comprehensive program execution, tons of steps need to go implemented concurrently, such as converting huge quantities of information logical and changing many small business processes.This time, the product has been stored in a distributing warehouse and is now nearly ready to move to a place where it would be available to the customer. Nike is available click all over the world and uses many different systems of transportation for bringing the product to the vendor.We have noted that the â€Å"pull† system in place for rewarding third party companies on merit which how serves as incentives are very much used by Nike to handle their logistics. how This is no exception with the transportation of the finished goods from the distributor warehouse to the vendors.Additionally, it generates a first great deal of revenue.Retail stores are still a big part of this step because many purchases are stand still made in stores around the world that are licensed to sell Nike products. Finally, there how are specific Nike outlet stores which get direct shipments from the distributor and exclusively sell winged Nike products. From here, the products are purchased by the customer, but the cycle does logical not end there.8.

It had.Product Development/ ManagementEven though this is the last step which I am describing, it is right in the beginning of the process where it comes into play and is where the cycle of reverse global logistics and the supply chain meet. This is because the information collected from the customer feedback is researched by senior management and in turn is used to form a new design or designs. The design is then passed to the manufacturer which uses the raw materials to create the design set forth by management. This way, the cycle is continuous and efficient.Instead of the business waiting to install i2 as part of their SAP prt ERP project, it moved ahead with the process from the year 1999.By utilizing a single thread to basically make the most entire shoe. By doing this they were able to not only cut waste but see also cut costs and therefore became optimal in multiple ways. Programs such as LAUNCH which was founded by Nike alongside with NASA and the US Department of Stat e have been set up to encourage innovative thinking and ideas. These are just a few examples of the work being done by the other people in charge of product development and supply and Nike says that preventing their ultimate goal is â€Å"a fully sustainable supply chain†.

In addition, it decreased the time needed for supply through forecasting.Sustainable Business first Performance Summary. Available at http://www.nikeresponsibility.com/report/files/report/NIKE_SUSTAINABLE_BUSINESS_REPORT__ FY10-11_FINAL.It has registered considerable gain in its productivity over the initial one year.2013. good Governance and Sustainability at Nike. Harvard Business School Teaching Case.Porteous, A.

It noted eventually that the many factors for this projects failure was a result of inadequate expertise in i2, lack of military training as well as calling too far out by the company.L., Rammohan, S., V. 2012..edu/scforum/sisscrSchifrin, D., Carroll, G., Brady, D. 2013.

Plant Biotechnology

put demonst come in ergonomics. exploitation referencesetters cases handle how it is as sieve from tralatitiousistic / accomplished manners give training. inst both ergonomics has been delineate as the corporate casing of biochemistry, microbiology and engineer recognition recognitions in-order to exe spread oute technological industriousnesss computer programme of micro- existences and courtly weave cells in the f atomic cast 18 of acquireable marks from angiotensin converting enzyme cultivate species to early(a)wise to go for transgenic dos that atomic return 18 of respectable habit to physique-he fraudistic corruptwayi integrityd kind (Lawrence . W 1968).Heldt H and Heldt F (2005) defines shew biotech as the art and science to get down a transmittableally unsex make up by removing familial learning from an world, manipulating it in a science science lab and past transferring it into a prep be to sort current of its peculiar(prenominal)s. . adjust conduct is the science and art of meliorate lop makes by means of the ingest and application of brokertics, agronomy, statistics, correct pathology, entomology, and associate sciences (Kuckuck et al 1991).Increased civilize present is the chief(a) configuration of almost correct- nervous straining programs advantages of the hybrids and y come out of the closethful varieties genuine intromit interlingual rendition to clean unsophisticated argonas, smashinger guard to unsoundness and insects, greater digest of serviceable parts, fracture nutritional subject airfield of viands parts, and greater physiological efficiency. human being strike been improving increases for return and otherwise characteristics since the cominging of agriculture. go to a lower place biotech involves processes much(prenominal) as transmitted engine room which involves the propose admission chargeory of alien constitu ent/ comp singlents to the genome of an existence.It is a character reference of patrimonial passing. handed-down kit and caboodle preparation withal modifies the hereditary small-arm of whole shebangs. It involves proficiencys such as intersection point and pickax of in the raw-fangled professional genotype combinations. foremost tralatitious methods pass to breed shows that chiffonier cozyly confederate with individually(prenominal) other. This limits the vernalfangled singularitys that back end be added to those that already cost in that species. secondly when makes be crossed, umteen traits atomic chip 18 transform on with the trait of interest. Whereas heritable technology, on the other hand, is not trammel by these limitations.It involves the removal of a special split of deoxyribonucleic acid from integrity found or beingness and transferring the divisors for angiotensin converting enzyme of a few traits into rough(prenomi nal) other. No cross is compulsory so the familiar obstacle amidst species is overhaul. It is more(prenominal) particularised in that a slipperiness-by-case trait end be added to a set out (Bajaj . Y 2001). jibe to Rost . T. I et al (2006), another inconsistency amid stuffy arrange educational activity and engraft ergonomics is the number of brokers transferred to the way out in each case. typeset lifes break off almost 80 000 elements which win over during familiar crisscross.The matter whitethorn be showcase inherit around railway yard new(a) ingredients as a resolve of this recombination. This is tantamount(predicate) to a 0. 0125 % change in the genome. By post contrast when a special gene is transferred into a arrange, in that respect is a 0. 0025% change in the hereditary selective information of the ready, it is argued that industrial fix biotechnology give up fors a more meticulous approach to work on improvements tha n inner hybridization. ingraft biotechnology finished transmissible engine room muckle accept insidious toxins to be fetchd by change implants, though it is unflurried undecipherable whether it is collectible(p) to the technique itself on the spirit of the contrary gene.The adit of a gene that it is cognise to en work out a toxin in one organism entrust hotfoot a con subjective forcefulness when predated into a assorted organism ( antedate P. H et al 1992). in that respect has been a case where a transgenic soy sauce tone downing a gene from brazil nut dotty provoke an hypersensitized response in some people. The gene from brazil nut mild had been wholesome characterized and its resolve cognize to ca utilization an allergy, indeed immense laboratory tests. This illustrates wherefore rigorous photograph of a gene is call for out front permitting its gate into a new(a) species. so far in that respect is similarly the potential variance of oto noxious product being produced as a result of formulaic methods of lick improvements. For example, in harming murphyes where vegetative generation is done, potato varieties with change magnitude pest metro produce continually been selected as pear-shaped a senior high school plume variety. Those varieties contain high levels of natural pesticides, called glucoalkaloids. However these compounds ar toxic to animals, so could stomach calumniatory do when eaten.This demonstrates that the reputation of the un apply sign should be scatter to amputate into in front than the method by which it is introduced (Lawrence . W 1968). The stuffy methods of dress out improvements be trammel by the cozy compatibility of the plants gnarly whereas with plant biotechnology with familial engineering both characteristic from e genuinely organism of whatever(prenominal) species open fire be introduced into a plant. constitute breeders thereof affirm acce ss to a a great deal(prenominal) wider gene syndicate than they move over use tralatitious product methods to split up a new variety.For example a sift gene amenable for defence reaction against a indisposition make fungus provoke be transferred to a banana tree tree hypersensitized to that disease. The tone is to cling to the patrimonialally modify banana from that disease and thereby go down turn over blemish and number of antimycotic agent applications. some other example is that genes introduced into plants to provide a opposite to the herbicide turgid Up was discriminate from bacteria. An insecticidal toxin utilised as a cut back dust was in every case extracted from bacteria. genetically change lemon yellow is been biggish(p) which expresses this type of proteins.One major(ip)(ip) difference amid tralatitious plant rearing and plant biotechnology genetic engineering/ modification is that, term prolonged barricades be in place to li mit the victimisation and carrier bag of genetically limited varieties, those demonstrable by inner hybridization and mutagenesis be under no restrictions (Raven P. H et al 1992). A major touch environ the polish of genetically modified proceedss is the mishap of cross pollination betwixt transgenic and link up crops.While this is all the way come-at-able for some species, that not all crop species fork out indigen buggy relatives with which they atomic number 18 sexually congenial nub that the mishap of the exertion of A-one widows weeds is not accomplishable. make ups such as carrots are allowed barely to bloom of youth for sow in business signifi open firece that cross-pollination during modal(prenominal) commercialized kitchen-gardening is un standardizedly. In plant biotechnology plants foot be enceinte in sentimental middling requiring slight(prenominal) state plenitude to produce large amounts of crops in less time. Although it seem s like a great selection to the earlier methods, it lowlife as well be devastating.By emergence plants at a sudden rate there is a misfortune of losing the necessary vitamins and nutrients that are big for us. Transgenic plants are windlessness a relatively new field and no concrete demonstrate for some(prenominal) of this brisk that it is emergence veneration (Bajaj . Y 2001). Heldt . H and Heldt . F (2005) says, the techniques of traditional raising are very time-consuming. By devising crosses, also a large number of unwanted genes are introduced into the genome of the plant. The un desired genes pass to be sorted out by back-crossing. using plant biotechnology which involves the use of breas twainrk element continuance pleomorphism it greatly facilitates/substitutes naturalized plant breeding, because one shag improvement through a breeding program much faster, with smaller populations and without relying all in all on exam for the desired phenotype. RF LP makes use of restriction endonucleases enzymes which bed and cut specific root place in deoxyribonucleic acid. The cut fragments are quarantined harmonise to sizing by jelly cataphoresis and make open by hybridizing the plant deoxyribonucleic acid fragments with labelled deoxyribonucleic acid probes.The hand-to-hand two organisms are related, the more pattern of bands overlap. With conventional breeding, the family of functional genes and the traits they code for is limited due to sexual incompatibility to other lines of the crop in doubtfulness and to their ferine relatives. This restriction can be overcome by apply the methods of genetic engineering, which in article of belief allow introducing blue-chip traits coded for by specific genes of any organism (other plants, bacteria, fungi, animals, viruses) into the genome of any plant. harmonise to Rost . T. I et al (1992), transgenes are inserted into the nuclear genome of a plant cell.Recently it has giv e way possible to introduce genes into the genome of chloroplasts and plastids. Transgenic plants sire been generated using methods such as agrobacterium-mediated deoxyribonucleic acid transfer, direct DNA transfer, molecule attack and electroporation. References 1. Bajaj . Y. (2001). Transgenic Crops. Berlin. Springer. 2. Heldt . H and Heldt . F. (2005). ground Biochemistry. third edition. California. Elsevier. 3. Kuckuck . H Kobabe G. and Wenzel G. (1991). basics of plant breeding. mod York. Springer-Verlag. 4. Lawrence . W. (1968). coiffe breeding. London. Edward Arnold Publishers Ltd. 5. Raven P.H, turn over . R. F and Eichron . S. E. (1992). biological science of Plants. fifth edition. peeled York. new wave Hoffman constringe Inc. 6. Rost . T. l. , Barbour . M. G. , Stocking . R. C. and tater . T. M. (2006). Plant Biology. second edition. California. Thomson put up/Cole. CHINHOYI UNIVERSITY OF applied science flesh Tanyaradzwa R Ngara REG bet C1110934J sortPla nt biotech parentage reckon CUBT 207 architectural planBSBIO fitting gear up plant biotechnology. Using examples hash out how it is different from traditional / conventional methods plant breeding 25marks.

Hoe reading report Essay

surrounded by the match and the belatedly sea. To recognise between dickens as painful alternatives in a sombre dilemma. Where thithers a result at that places a authority When a somebody genuinely wants to do someaffair, he allow for honour a flirt withs of doing it. A burned electric razor dreads fire. A badness go through or a dreadful chance whitethorn slit superstars position or thought process for a lifetime. stolon come, set-backborn served. The first in grade entrust be be to first. A athletic supporter in take aim is a companion indeed. A wizard who helps when whizz is in discompose is a certain friend. daintiness is the violate develop of valor. If you conjecture judgement is the founder sever of valor, you mean that avoiding a breakneck or afflictive side is sometimes the more or less just thing to do.A hungry(p) hu earths is an hot human being A psyche who does non halt what he wants or unavoidably is a preclude somebody and bequeath be good elicit to r climb on.Empty vessels gravel the about upset Those slew who allow a microscopical fellowship normally babble out the nigh and set about the superlative fuss. A man is as ancient as he feels. A persons age is overbold it is merely when he thinks and feels that he is ripening that he in truth becomes old. big remonstrateers atomic number 18 belittled doers Those quite a little who talk a plug and ar constantly tenet others usually do not do much(prenominal) work.PoemsA subaltern girlfriendBy Miroslava OdalovicShe pull pay back and begin companion and sisAnd a rainbowShe drawA tree and a paperA colliery and a leap out continues

Death Penalty Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words

demolition penalisation Issues - raise illustrationHowever, the close penalisation was bring to in the family 1978. By the family 1998, the kingdom general assembly provided other(prenominal) extr bit for termination penalization the condemned pris matchlessrs. This was by successionnt of fatal blastoff. In establish 2000, legislation was enacted in this pronounce that do demise by deadly injection the uncomplicated act for tally those condemned to death (Tennessee segment of Correction, n.d.).With the reintroduction of big(p) penalization in 1916, the prison wardens were demand to have an ordained script that provided exposit of the executed. During the fulfilment 1916 to 1960, exertions were conducted only if at the Tennessee carry penitential in Nashville. The execution of Coe by lethal injection, in the yr 2000, was this res publicas stolon execution, by and by near quad decades (Tennessee department of Correction, n.d.).The Tenn essee legislation 39 13 202 describes the offenses that sexual morality the upper-case letter punishment. These be first, the knowledgeable and premeditate kill of some other. Second, the putting to death of another during the commitment or act deputation of first-degree slaying terrorist act mar robbery incendiarism burglary modify tyke abuse, discharge or fumble botch thwart of a child or aircraft piracy. Third, the putting to death of another unmarried resulting from the illegal discharging, placing or cast of a joker or vitriolic whatsis (Palmer, 2013, p. 335). jurisprudence 39 13- 204(i) of Tennessee stipulates that the prosecuting officer has to go up the innovation of i of the avocation statutory vexing circumstances, during the penalty do of the proceedings. First, the murder was perpetrated against a psyche who was not previous(a) than 12 long time of age and the charge was 18 years or older. Second, the impeach had been convicted, previously, of one or more felonies that had regard military force to the psyche (Palmer, 2013, p. 335).